Liana
Initial Operational Capability (IOC) : 2015
Total Production : 6
The Russian Space Forces Liana Track System consists of at least four satellites designed to carry out Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) missions scanning the land, air and water from space. The Liana satellites are located at up to 1,000 kilometers from the Earth's surface into a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and are capable of identifying and track ships, aircraft, ground vehicles and command posts analyzing their radio-electronic emissions. The Russian Armed Forces intend to use the Liana track system to rely target location data to its surface whips equipped with long-range anti-ship missiles as well as ground forces to engage critical targets such as armored units on the move or command centers. The system first launch was carried out in 2009 and the Russian Navy started integration tests in August 2014. Russian will need up to eight satellites within the Liana constellation to cover the entire Earth. The satellites used for the Liana constellation share a high degree of components and engineering solutions.
| Model | Status | Year | Produced |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lotos-S | Active | 2015 | 3 |
| Pion-NKS | Under Development | 2021 | 3 |
Lotos-S
Group : Satellites
Status : Active
Also Known As : Lotos-M
Origin : 
Russia
Contractor : Arsenal Design Bureau
Initial Operational Capability (IOC) : 2015
Total Production : 3
The Lotos-S satellites are intended to provide ground surveillance with the first launch carried out in 2009 into a 67-degree 900 kilometer orbit. That launch was considered a failure and two additional satellites were placed into orbit successfully in 2015 and 2018. The 6-ton Lotos-S is equipped with a passive radiofrequency receiver to perform detection, identification and location of surface targets and communications assets. The Lotos-M reconnaissance satellite is a new version of the Lotos-S signals intelligence spacecraft.
Operators
| Country | Status | State | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Russia | Active | 2/3 |
Specifications
| Notes | ||
|---|---|---|
| Mass | ||
| Weight | 6,000 kilogram | |
| Performance | ||
| Orbit | 900 kilometer | |
Listing
| Spacecraft | Status | Com | Decom |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lotos-S 1 |
Destroyed | 2009 | |
| Lotos-S 2 |
Active | 2015 | |
| Lotos-S 3/Lotos-M |
Active | 2018 |
Pion-NKS
Group : Satellites
Status : Under Development
Origin : Russia
Contractor : Arsenal Design Bureau
Initial Operational Capability (IOC) : 2021
Total Production : 3
The Pion-NKS reconnaissance satellites cover primarily the naval surveillance segment equipped with high resolution radar capable of identifying a car-sized object. The 6-ton 67-degree 500 kilometer orbit spacecraft has been designed with a service life of more than three years and is expected to be placed into orbit in the 2020-2025 timeframe.
Operators
| Country | Status | State | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Russia | Planned | 3 |
Specifications
| Notes | ||
|---|---|---|
| Mass | ||
| Weight | 6,500 kilogram | |
| Performance | ||
| Orbit | 500 kilometer | |
| Time | ||
| Service Life | 4 year | |
Listing
| Spacecraft | Status | Com | Decom |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pion-NKS 1 |
Planned | 2021 | |
| Pion-NKS 2 |
Planned | 2022 | |
| Pion-NKS 3 |
Planned | 2025 |
News
Last week, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu confirmed that work is continuing on Liana, a new constellation of military satellites capable of advanced scanning for
Russia's Defense Ministry continues to develop the Liana Electronic Intelligence Program (ELINT) using Lotos-S satellites, Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu said Tuesday.
MOSCOW, September 2 (RIA Novosti) – Russian naval vessels are to be equipped with a state of the art tracking system which will be able to receive data from space, a source
Notes
State Latest Known holdings/Original Procurement
Com - Date of Commissioning
Decom - Date of Decommissioning
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